The Harappan or Indus Valley Civilisation came up on the bank of river Indus. The main site of the civilisation were Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, Ropar, Lothal. etc. The cities of Harappan Civilisation were well planned. They were divided into two parts- upper town and lower town.

Early Societies or Civilizations arose first in Lower Mesopotamia (3000 BCE), followed by Egyptian civilization along the Nile River (3000 BCE), the Harappan civilization in the Indus River Valley (in present-day India and Pakistan; 2500 BCE), and Chinese civilization along the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers (2200 BCE).

Humans started to grow crops and domesticate animals, invented wheels and began maing pottery in the Neolithic age, they improved their tools which changed their lifestyle. Learn more about human's experience as the first farmers and herders.

A globe is a spherical model of Earth, of some other celestial body, or of the celestial sphere. Globes serve purposes similar to some maps, but unlike maps, do not distort the surface that they portray except to scale it down.

Latitude is a geographical coordinates that specifies north south position on earth surface and Longitude is a geographical coordinates which specifies east- west position on earth surface

The Upanishads (Vedic texts) were composed, containing the earliest emergence of some of the central religious concepts of Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. The Greek Dark Age began. The Olmecs built the earliest pyramids and temples in Central America. The life of Parshvanatha, 23rd Tirthankara of Jainism.

Prehistory is the period for which we have no written records and history is the period for which we have written records. Sources are divided into two groups i.e. Archaeological and Literary. 

Our galaxy is known as the Milky Way. The Sun is at centre of the solar system. All the eight planets revolve around the Sun. Earth is the only planet where life exists. Moon is the Earth's only natural satellite.

India is a land of diversity. There are 22 national languages. There are total number of six physical divisions in India. India's diversity has always been recognised as a source of its strength. India has absorbed all religions without any discrimination.

Early vedic period extended from approxaimately from 1,500BCE to 1,000BCE. The Aryans settled in Sapta Sindhu region. The Rig veda was composed during this time and other three vedas were composed between 1,000BCE to 600 BCE.